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Development of Energy Harvesting Technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks

Author(s) Jaymin Pareshkumar Shah
Country India
Abstract The rapid advancement of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has established them as crucial components in various fields such as environmental monitoring, healthcare, smart cities, and industrial automation. However, deploying WSNs is often challenged by the limitations of conventional power sources, which can lead to operational inefficiencies and increased maintenance costs due to battery replacement or recharging needs. This research paper explores the development of energy harvesting technologies explicitly designed to address the energy constraints of WSNs. By leveraging ambient energy sources, such as solar, thermal, vibration, and electromagnetic energy, these technologies present a sustainable solution for powering WSNs, ultimately enhancing their longevity and reliability.
This paper will discuss the various energy harvesting techniques currently being researched and applied within WSNs, analyzing their mechanisms, efficiencies, and suitability for different environmental contexts. Solar energy harvesting, which utilizes photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight into electrical energy, is one of the most widely studied methods due to its accessibility and efficiency. However, energy harvesting from ambient vibrations using piezoelectric materials offers significant advantages in environments with frequent mechanical activity. Thermal energy harvesting methods, including thermoelectric generators that convert temperature differentials into electrical energy, are also examined. This comprehensive review will compare these technologies based on key performance indicators, such as energy conversion efficiency, operational lifespan, and the feasibility of integration into existing sensor architectures.
The implications of implementing energy harvesting technologies in WSNs extend beyond mere energy supply; they represent a paradigm shift towards sustainable and autonomous sensor networks capable of continuous operation. By addressing the limitations associated with traditional power sources, energy harvesting can facilitate the deployment of WSNs in remote and hard-to-reach areas where maintenance is challenging. Furthermore, this research will highlight recent advancements in energy management systems that optimize the utilization of harvested energy, extending the operational lifetimes of WSN components. Ultimately, developing energy harvesting technologies for wireless sensor networks promises enhanced efficiency and sustainability and paves the way for the widespread adoption of IoT applications in an increasingly energy-conscious world.
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 13, Issue 2, April-June 2022
Published On 2022-04-06
Cite This Development of Energy Harvesting Technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks - Jaymin Pareshkumar Shah - IJSAT Volume 13, Issue 2, April-June 2022. DOI 10.71097/IJSAT.v13.i2.3069
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v13.i2.3069
Short DOI https://doi.org/g898p7
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