Methemoglobinemia : Clinical Perspective, Managements and Cases Review

Author(s)	TUSHAR J. GANGURDE
Country	India
Abstract	Methemoglobinemia is rare disorder caused by the oxidation of hemoglobin’s iron from ferrous (fe2+) to ferric (fe3+), impairing oxygen transport and causing hypoxia. It is classified as heredietary or acquired. Hereditary forms result from NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase deficiencies or Hemoglobin M disease, while acquired cases are due to oxidizing agents, drugs or toxins. Symptoms ranges from mild cyanosis (1-10% methemoglobin) to life threatening effects (>70%). Diagnosis has advanced with tools like multiwawelength pulse oximetry, arterial bood gas analysis, and genetic testing. Treatment varies with severity including methylene blue, ascorbic acid and discontinuation of causative agent. Infants are particularly at risk due to immature enzyme systems. This review highlights the pathophysiology, risk factors, advanced diagnostic and management strategies of methemoglobinemia, along with a case demonstrating successful intervension .
Keywords	Methemoglobinemia, Hypoxia, Cyanosis, Methylene blue
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 16, Issue 1, January-March 2025
Published On	2025-02-27
Cite This	Methemoglobinemia : Clinical Perspective, Managements and Cases Review - TUSHAR J. GANGURDE - IJSAT Volume 16, Issue 1, January-March 2025. DOI 10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.2051
DOI	https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.2051
Short DOI	https://doi.org/g869xw

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