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Correlation between Hemoglobin A1c Levels and Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes

Author(s) Hala F. Almeshari, Mahasen O. Aljehani, Wedad M. Almutairi, Amera A. Alqahtani, Hala H. Al Mutairi, Abdulaziz S. Alaws, Nujud K. Hajij, Freh A. Alfreh, Ruba K. Alhammad, Sara S. Alhamdan
Country Saudi Arabia
Abstract Background: Microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), nephropathy (DN), and neuropathy, are significant contributors to morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) serves as a key marker of glycemic control and has been implicated in the development of these complications.

Objective: This study investigates the correlation between HbA1c levels and the prevalence of microvascular complications in patients with T2DM in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 400 T2DM patients. Patients were stratified into three groups based on HbA1c levels (<7%, 7–9%, >9%). The prevalence of DR, DN, and neuropathy was analyzed, and logistic regression was used to assess the association between HbA1c levels and complications.

Results: Higher HbA1c levels were associated with a significantly greater prevalence of microvascular complications. Patients with HbA1c >9% had the highest prevalence of DR (60%), DN (55%), and neuropathy (50%). Logistic regression revealed strong correlations between HbA1c levels and complications, with odds ratios of 2.1 for DR, 3.2 for DN, and 4.0 for neuropathy (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates a robust correlation between HbA1c levels and microvascular complications in T2DM, underscoring the importance of optimal glycemic control. These findings support individualized glycemic targets to reduce complication risk.
Keywords Type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, microvascular complications, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, glycemic control
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 15, Issue 1, January-March 2024
Published On 2024-03-07
Cite This Correlation between Hemoglobin A1c Levels and Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes - Hala F. Almeshari, Mahasen O. Aljehani, Wedad M. Almutairi, Amera A. Alqahtani, Hala H. Al Mutairi, Abdulaziz S. Alaws, Nujud K. Hajij, Freh A. Alfreh, Ruba K. Alhammad, Sara S. Alhamdan - IJSAT Volume 15, Issue 1, January-March 2024. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.14772706
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14772706
Short DOI https://doi.org/g83k72
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