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Prevalence, Management, and Associated Risk Factors of Urolithiasis Among Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bathinda

Author(s) Tawqeer Shafi, Khushboo Muzaffar, Saurabh Gupta
Country India
Abstract Background: Urolithiasis, a prevalent condition affecting the urinary system, is defined by the production of mineral crystals in the renal system or urinary tract. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence, demographic distribution, prognostic variables, and management findings among patients with urolithiasis at Adesh Hospital in Bathinda.
Methods: A six-month prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Urology . The study comprised 170 individuals with urolithiasis.Data were collected on socio-demographic details, clinical history, risk factors, laboratory and radiological findings, treatment regimens, and therapeutic outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed to identify patterns and associations.
Results: Among 1432 patients screened, the prevalence of urolithiasis was 11.8%. The condition was most prevalent in the 38–48 age group (26.5%), with a slight female predominance (52.4%). Stone sizes of 4–8 mm were most common (61.8%), and the interpole calyx was identified as the predominant stone site (34.1%). Calcium stones were the most frequent composition (77.1%). Risk factors included inadequate hydration (62.9%), high sodium intake (79.4%), obesity (40.6%), alcohol use (53.5%), and frequent NSAID use. Hypertension (28.2%) and fatty liver (22.4%) were notable comorbidities, with a family history present in 8.2% of cases.
Treatment: Medical management primarily involved urinary alkalinizers like potassium citrate and citric acid (98.2%) and alpha-blockers such as tamsulosin (40.0%). Antibiotics, including levofloxacin (41.8%) and cefixime with potassium clavulanate (32.9%), were frequently prescribed. Rabeprazole with domperidone (64.1%) was the most utilized proton pump inhibitor. Significant symptom improvement was observed post-treatment, particularly in dysuria, urinary retention, hematuria, and straining (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Urolithiasis is a significant health issue influenced by modifiable lifestyle factors and comorbidities. This study underscores the importance of early diagnosis, effective medical management, and patient education to address underlying risk factors. The findings provide valuable insights for improving clinical outcomes and guiding evidence-based treatment strategies for urolithiasis.
Keywords Urolithiasis , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Management Practices
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 16, Issue 1, January-March 2025
Published On 2025-01-27
Cite This Prevalence, Management, and Associated Risk Factors of Urolithiasis Among Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bathinda - Tawqeer Shafi, Khushboo Muzaffar, Saurabh Gupta - IJSAT Volume 16, Issue 1, January-March 2025. DOI 10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.1525
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.1525
Short DOI https://doi.org/g83jhn
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