Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for Climate Hazard Assessment: Enhancing Predictive Accuracy and Transparency in Drought, Flood, and Landslide Modeling

Chalamalla Nikhitha Reddy

doi:10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.1309

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for Climate Hazard Assessment: Enhancing Predictive Accuracy and Transparency in Drought, Flood, and Landslide Modeling

Author(s)	Chalamalla Nikhitha Reddy
Country	India
Abstract	The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into geosciences has ushered in a transformative era for spatial modeling and climate-induced hazard assessment. This study explores the application of Explainable AI (XAI) to address the inherent limitations of traditional "black-box" AI models, emphasizing transparency and interpretability in high-stakes domains such as natural hazard management. By analyzing hydrometeorological hazards—including droughts, floods, and landslides—this work highlights the growing potential of XAI to improve predictive accuracy and facilitate actionable insights. The research synthesizes advancements in XAI methodologies, such as attention models, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP), and Generalized Additive Models (GAM), and their application in spatial hazard prediction and mitigation strategies. Additionally, the study identifies challenges in data quality, model transferability, and real-time explainability, proposing pathways for future research to enhance XAI's utility in decision-making frameworks. This comprehensive overview contributes to bridging gaps in the adoption of XAI, enabling robust, transparent, and ethical approaches to climate hazard assessments in an era of rapid environmental change.
Keywords	Artificial Intelligence (AI), Explainable AI (XAI), Climate Change, Spatial Modelling, Natural Hazard Assessment, Hydrometeorological Hazards, Drought Prediction, Flood Risk Modelling, Landslide Susceptibility, Machine Learning, Data Transparency, Decision Support Systems, Hazard Mitigation, Causal Relationships, Environmental Sustainability
Field	Computer > Artificial Intelligence / Simulation / Virtual Reality
Published In	Volume 16, Issue 1, January-March 2025
Published On	2025-01-06
Cite This	Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for Climate Hazard Assessment: Enhancing Predictive Accuracy and Transparency in Drought, Flood, and Landslide Modeling - Chalamalla Nikhitha Reddy - IJSAT Volume 16, Issue 1, January-March 2025. DOI 10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.1309
DOI	https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.1309
Short DOI	https://doi.org/g82pcw

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for Climate Hazard Assessment: Enhancing Predictive Accuracy and Transparency in Drought, Flood, and Landslide Modeling

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